（#welfare #right #claim）Process for applying for and receiving welfare benefits. (Including what to do if your application is denied.)

The Right to Welfare

Before moving on to the details of applying for and receiving benefits, let us discuss the right to receive welfare.
First, there is an important fact you should know.

Receiving welfare is not a special favor or act of mutual aid,
it is a "right of the people" recognized by law.

Welfare is a "Right" of the People — Guaranteed by the Constitution and the Public Assistance Act —

The welfare system
is clearly guaranteed as a right by the highest law of the land, the "Constitution of Japan,"
and the "Public Assistance Act" based upon it.

Article 25 of the Constitution of Japan (Right to Life)

"All people shall have the right to maintain the minimum standards of wholesome and cultured living."

Article 25 of the Constitution stipulates that everyone living in Japan has the "right to live a human life (right to life)."
And the state has an obligation to guarantee that minimum standard of living.
The welfare system is the concrete expression of this right to life.

Articles 1 and 2 of the Public Assistance Act (Purpose and Non-Discrimination)

Article 1 (Purpose)
The purpose of this act is for the state to provide necessary protection to all citizens in need,
according to the degree of their need,
thereby guaranteeing them a minimum standard of living
and encouraging their self-reliance.
Article 2 (Non-Discrimination)
It is stipulated that "All citizens may receive protection under this act in a non-discriminatory and equal manner,
as long as they satisfy the requirements set forth by this act."

The "Reason" for Hardship Is Not Questioned

"My life became difficult due to my own carelessness."
"I only worked for a short period." Many people hesitate to apply for reasons like these.
However, "non-discrimination and equality" in the Public Assistance Act means that the causes or past circumstances that led to the hardship are not questioned.

No matter the circumstances,
if you are currently experiencing hardship and meet the requirements, anyone has the right to confidently apply for and receive benefits.

Using welfare is neither shameful nor something you need to feel hesitant toward others about.

It is important to understand it correctly
as a safety net (a right) to rebuild your life and regain a living style that feels like your own.

In understanding welfare correctly,
the most important point is that "welfare is a right of the people."
Using it when in need is nothing to feel guilty about.

Welfare is a "Right Stipulated by Law"

The foundation of the welfare system relies on Article 25 of the Constitution of Japan and the Public Assistance Act enacted based upon it.

Under the law, the right to welfare is defined as follows:

1. Constitutional Principle (Article 25 of the Constitution of Japan)
"All people shall have the right to maintain the minimum standards of wholesome and cultured living."

The state has an obligation to guarantee this "minimum standard of living" to citizens experiencing hardship,
and welfare functions as the concrete mechanism for this.
2. Non-Discrimination, Equality, and Guarantee of Rights (Articles 1, 2, and 3 of the Public Assistance Act)
・ Purpose (Article 1):

The purpose is to provide necessary protection to all citizens in need, according to the degree of their need,
thereby guaranteeing them a minimum standard of living and encouraging their self-reliance.

・ Non-Discrimination and Equality (Article 2):

Regardless of gender, social status, or the reason for falling into hardship, anyone has an equal right to receive protection as long as they meet the requirements.
No one will be treated disadvantageously due to past circumstances or reasons.

・ Standard of Protection (Article 3):

It is stipulated that the guaranteed "minimum standard of living"
must be capable of maintaining a wholesome and cultured standard of living.
3. Guarantee of the Right to Apply (Article 7 of the Public Assistance Act)
In principle, welfare procedures begin with an "application" made by the person in need, or by a person under obligation to support them, or a relative living together (Principle of Protection by Application).

It is not legally permitted for authorities to unjustly reject an application for administrative convenience (such as turning applicants away at the counter).
4. Prohibition of Adverse Alteration and Prohibition of Seizure (Articles 56 and 59 of the Public Assistance Act)
The right to receive protection that has already been decided will not be unjustly altered or suspended without reason.

Furthermore, it is prohibited by law to seize the benefit payments being received or the right to receive protection for purposes such as debt repayment.

Welfare is not merely a "charity from the government,"
but a legal right that anyone can proudly claim when in need.
As long as the conditions are met, the state has an obligation to responsibly support your life.

You Have the Right from the Moment You Are Born

"Holding" the Right: Possessing It from the Moment of Birth
The right to life (the right to live humanely) guaranteed by Article 25 of the Constitution, as well as the rights stipulated by the Public Assistance Act,
arise for all people at the exact moment they are born as Japanese citizens.

・From "babies to the elderly," everyone inherently "holds" the right to this safety net without needing any special procedures.

・"Whether you have worked and paid taxes" or "age" does not matter.
"Exercising / Arising" of the Right: Materializes When You Actually Fall into Hardship and Apply
Just because you possess the right from birth does not mean welfare benefits are automatically paid to everyone.

The specific right to receive benefits, such as "receiving XX ten thousand yen in welfare each month," arises when you take the following steps:

1. Meeting the Requirements

Actually being in a state where "maintaining the minimum standard of living is difficult (hardship)" due to illness, injury, income reduction, etc.

2. Applying (Principle of Protection by Application)

The individual or family applying to the welfare office saying "I will use welfare," and receiving a decision from the administration (Article 7 of the Public Assistance Act).
Summary of "Holding" vs. "Exercising / Arising"
"The right to be protected by the welfare system"

"・" = Held by everyone from the moment of birth (Abstract Right)

"The right to actually receive welfare payments"

"・" = Arises at the moment you experience hardship, apply, and receive an approval decision (Concrete Right)

Applying for Welfare

We will explain the requirements for receiving welfare by dividing them into two sections:
the "Application" section, along with the documents you should prepare if available, and
the "Receiving Benefits" section.

First of all, since staying silent will not start the application process, please visit your local city hall or municipal office.

Welfare is not automatically granted just by waiting in silence.
The process starts when you express your own intention and submit an "application."

To make the process go smoothly, clearly convey your intention at the counter by saying "I would like to apply for welfare," rather than "Please give me benefits."

Here is a step-by-step breakdown of the specific process from application to decision.

Welfare Application Procedure

1. Visit the Consultation Desk - Welfare Office (City Hall, Ward Office, etc.)
Go to the welfare office with jurisdiction over your area (such as the "Social Welfare Division" or "Protection Division" at your city hall or ward office).

If you live in a town or village, the local town/village office or the prefectural welfare office will be your point of contact.
2. Preliminary Consultation and Expressing Your Intention - State "I want to apply"
In an interview room, explain your current financial difficulty (income, cash on hand, housing situation, presence of illness, etc.) to the caseworker or interviewer.

[Important Point]

Do not let it end with "just a consultation." If you are in need and wish to receive assistance, clearly state your intention:
"I am applying for welfare."
3. Submitting the Application Form - Procedure
Fill out the "Welfare Application Form" with your name, address, current situation, etc., and submit it.

The process will go more smoothly if you have identification documents (such as an Individual Number Card or driver's license), bankbooks, or documents showing your income.
However, the application itself cannot be rejected even if you have no documents or money on hand.
4. Administrative Investigation - In principle within 14 days (up to 30 days)
A caseworker from the welfare office that accepted your application will conduct the following investigations:

・Home Visit Investigation:
Visiting your home to check your actual living conditions

・Asset and Income Investigation:
Checking bank accounts, savings, real estate, vehicle ownership, etc.

・Employment Investigation:
Checking whether you are capable of working (presence of illness or injury)

・Support Inquiry:
Contacting relatives (parents, children, siblings, etc.) to ask if they can provide financial support or assistance
5. Decision of Approval or Rejection - Sending of Notice
Based on the investigation results, a decision will be made on whether you meet the requirements for receiving welfare, and you will be notified in writing.

・Approval (Initiation):
Welfare benefits will be granted retroactively to the date of application.

・Rejection:
Issued if it is determined that you do not meet the requirements. (The reasons will be specified)

Points to Note and Things to Know When Applying

Beware of "Gatekeeping" (Mizugiwa Sakusen)
In rare cases, staff at the counter may say things like, "You can still work," or "Can't you rely on your relatives?" and refuse to hand over an application form.

By law, when a person in need requests to apply, the administration must accept the application.

Be sure to state clearly:
"Please give me an application form."
"Please accept my application."
If You Feel Anxious Going Alone
If applying feels overwhelming, you can consult with lawyers, support organizations, or Japan Legal Support Center (Houterasu) in advance and ask them to accompany you to the office.

List of Documents and Items Helpful to Bring

To make the application process go smoothly,
having documents that verify "how much you are currently in need (your held assets and income)" and "your identity"
will help the administrative investigation proceed much faster.

Here is an organized list of items that are convenient to bring with you.

1. Identity Verification Documents
Individual Number Card (My Number Card), driver's license, health insurance card, passport, disability certificate, etc.
2. Documents Showing Current "Income"
Pay slips (for the most recent 1 to 3 months)

Pension certificate or Pension payment notification (if receiving a pension)

Other certificates of receipt or decision notices for various allowances (child allowance, disability allowance, etc.)
3. Documents Showing Current "Assets and Savings"
Bank passbooks
(Passbooks for all bank and credit union accounts you hold. Updating them with the latest transactions beforehand will help make the process smoother.)

Securities (stocks, etc.) or life insurance policies (if enrolled)
4. Documents Showing "Monthly Expenses and Housing"
Lease agreement (if living in a rented apartment, etc., to verify the rent amount)

Meter reading slips or receipts for utility bills (electricity, gas, water)

Hospital patient registration cards, prescriptions, or medical certificates (if unable to work due to illness or injury)
5. Personal Seal (Inkan) and Others
Personal seal (Mitin)
Non-ink-pad type. May be used for correcting documents or stamping pledges. An increasing number of municipalities accept signatures instead.

Writing utensils, notepad

Most Important Point: You Can Apply Even If You Have Nothing!

Even if you are in a situation where "you cannot find your bankbook," "you lost your identity document," or "you do not have your lease agreement on hand,"
it is absolutely never the case that you cannot apply until all documents are gathered.

Under the Public Assistance Act (welfare law), refusing an application simply because documents are missing is not permitted.

Even if you have no documents on hand at all, the top priority is to visit the office first and state: "I am in need and would like to apply."

There is no problem with missing documents; you can check them together with a caseworker after applying or submit them at a later date.

Receiving Welfare Benefits

Once the application process is complete and approved (initiated), you will begin receiving benefits.

After you are notified of the decision to grant welfare (start of benefits),
this section explains the actual payment dates, payment methods, and ongoing interactions with the administration (caseworkers) to maintain your welfare assistance.

1. Payment Dates and Methods

Once you receive the official decision notice, monthly welfare benefit payments will finally begin.

Fixed Monthly Payment Date
Although it varies depending on the municipality, the designated payment (benefit) date is typically around the 1st to 5th of each month.
Initial Payment
The initial welfare payment will be calculated on a pro-rata basis back to the application date.
Depending on the date the decision was made, the first payment alone may be handed over in person at the counter.
Payment Methods
In general, payments are made monthly via bank transfer to a designated account in your own name.

If you do not have a bank account due to specific circumstances or if there is a risk of seizure,
you can also go directly to the welfare office counter on the monthly payment date to receive it in cash.

2. Life After Receiving Benefits and Interactions with Administration (Caseworkers)

Once you start receiving welfare, a caseworker (assigned officer) at the welfare office will be assigned to you and will conduct regular communications and interviews with you.

Regular Home Visits (Interviews)
A caseworker will visit your home once every few months (ranging from several times a year to every month, depending on the situation)
to check on your living conditions, health status, employment efforts, and more.

This is also an opportunity to consult about your concerns or illness.
Monthly Income Declaration (Mandatory)
Not only income earned from work (such as part-time jobs),
but also pensions, allowances, support from relatives, or income from daily/one-time jobs must be declared monthly using an "Income Declaration Form."

A certain basic deduction (an amount you are allowed to keep) applies to income earned through work.

Failing to declare income may be considered "fraudulent receipt,"
so even the smallest income must be reported without fail.
Main Situations Requiring Notification or Consultation
When your living situation changes, you must consult and inform your caseworker in advance.

Medical visits:
Because medical expenses are fully covered (no out-of-pocket cost) as "medical assistance,"
you must obtain a "Medical Voucher" from the welfare office before visiting a clinic, or notify them of your intention to seek medical care.

Moving or changing cohabitants:
You cannot move on your own; permission and procedures are required beforehand.

Changes in assets or status:
When making high-value purchases, recovering from an illness and starting to work, etc.

3. Continuation and Future of Assistance (Discontinuation/Suspension)

Welfare is not permanent once granted; it is reviewed monthly based on whether you maintain the "minimum standard of living."

Continuation
As long as your income and status remain unchanged, benefits will continue to be provided as long as you meet the requirements.
Suspension / Discontinuation
If you become able to earn sufficient income through work,
or if you recover from illness and achieve self-reliance, welfare assistance will end (be discontinued).

The administration (caseworker) is positioned not so much as a monitor,
but rather as a "partner supporting you to rebuild your life and ultimately achieve self-reliance."

It will make things go smoother if you consult with them without hiding anything whenever you face difficulties as you move forward with your life.

Having Less Than XX Yen Cash on Hand

How much cash on hand—less than how many yen—means you are in need and eligible for welfare?

There is no fixed amount standard nationwide stating that "having less than XX yen on hand" makes you eligible.

The standard for determination is "the minimum cost of living for one month for that household" as established by law.

Benchmark for Eligibility (When You Can Apply)

If your available funds (total of cash on hand + bank savings)
fall below the "one month minimum cost of living" calculated based on your region and household composition,
you are considered to be in financial distress and become eligible for welfare.

Example Benchmark Amount (For a Single-Person Household)
Depending on your region and rent,
the minimum cost of living for one month is roughly around 100,000 to 130,000 yen in many cases.

Therefore, if your available funds fall below this amount, you may meet the eligibility requirements.
There Is No Need to Wait Until Your Funds Become "0 Yen"
It is a misconception that "you cannot apply until you have completely run out of money."

You can apply before you become unable to pay for food or rent (at the stage when your funds drop below the minimum cost of living).

If you have 30,000 yen in your wallet and 30,000 yen in your bankbook,
you can be considered eligible at around this level.

Handling of Funds on Hand at the Start of Welfare Assistance

When welfare is approved, the money remaining in your hands (cash/savings on hand)
is allowed to be kept as is, up to about 50% (approx. half a month's worth) of the minimum cost of living.
Only the amount exceeding 50% will be deducted from your first month's welfare benefits.

The criterion is not a uniform figure like "having less than XX yen on hand,"
but rather "whether your funds fall below one month's minimum cost of living for your household."

If your available funds are decreasing and you expect difficulty paying for future living expenses or rent,
please consult with the welfare office counter early, before your funds are completely exhausted.

Having 60,000 Yen or Less on Hand

Let's run a simulation for the case mentioned earlier:
having 30,000 yen in your wallet and 30,000 yen in your bankbook—
that is, when your available funds equal around 60,000 yen.

In this situation, it can be said that you are eligible for welfare (meeting the requirements).

Because combining the 30,000 yen in your wallet (cash on hand) and the 30,000 yen in your bankbook (savings) totals 60,000 yen,
which, as a rule, falls below the "one month minimum cost of living" that serves as the benchmark for welfare.

Here is a breakdown of the details and key points when applying.

Why Are You Eligible with a "Total of 60,000 Yen"?

Whether you are eligible for welfare
is determined by comparing the "one month minimum cost of living" calculated for your region and household size against "all your available assets."

Estimated Minimum Cost of Living for 1 Month (For a Single Person)
Depending on the region and rent, it is generally around 100,000 to 130,000 yen (total of livelihood assistance + housing assistance).
Your Current Available Funds
30,000 yen + 30,000 yen = Total of 60,000 yen

Since all the assets you have on hand (60,000 yen) fall below the minimum cost of living for one month (100,000 to 130,000 yen),
you are considered to be in a state of need requiring assistance (in financial distress).

Key Points to Know When Applying

There Is No Need to Wait Until You Have "0 Yen"
With only 60,000 yen remaining, it is far from enough to cover next month's rent, food, and other payments.

Waiting until your money is completely gone will make it difficult to even buy food or travel (such as going to the municipal office), so now is the right time to take action and apply.
Your 60,000 Yen Will Not Be Confiscated Even If Approved
You are permitted to keep funds on hand up to about half of the minimum cost of living (generally around 50,000 to 60,000 yen) for your daily expenses even after assistance begins.
Accurately State the Situation of Your Bankbook and Wallet
During the application interview, declare honestly: "I only have about 30,000 yen in my wallet and about 30,000 yen in my bankbook, totaling 60,000 yen."

Updating your bankbook with the latest transactions before bringing it will help make the process smoother.

Before you run into trouble paying for living expenses or rent,
we recommend going to the welfare office in your local area (the welfare desk at your local government office) to apply as soon as possible.

Within 14 Days from Application to First Payment
Exceptionally Up to 30 Days

How many days does it take from applying for welfare until the screening results are released and the welfare benefits are actually transferred?

Waiting too long could mean running out of cash first, so let's know the "number of days to wait" in advance.

The standard principle period from applying for welfare, undergoing screening, to having the benefit (money) actually deposited is
"within 14 days."
(Until the arrival of the decision notice and the first payment).

However, if there are special reasons such as asset investigations or inquiries taking additional time,
it may exceptionally be extended up to a maximum of "30 days."

We will explain the whole procedure step-by-step again in an easy-to-understand manner, assuming the actual field operations, to show specifically how the process moves forward to payment.

Process from Application to Benefit Payment

1. Application Procedure at the Counter Interview and Submission of Required Documents
Submit your "welfare application" at the counter of the welfare office (the welfare division at your local government office).

Fill out the application form and submit copies of your bankbook, identification documents, etc., that you have on hand.
2. On-Site Investigation and Inquiries Screening Period - Normally Within 14 Days (Up to 30 Days)
The welfare office that accepts your application will conduct the following investigations (screening):

・Home Visit and Interview

A caseworker will visit your current home to inspect your living conditions and belongings.

・Asset and Income Investigation

They will check bank account balances, salary, pension payments, and other financial records.

・Support Inquiry

To the extent feasible, they will inquire whether relatives can provide financial assistance.
(This step can be skipped if there are special reasons such as domestic violence).
3. Notification of Welfare Decision Results Sent in Writing
When the screening is complete, you will receive a "Notice of Welfare Decision" from the welfare office (if approved).

In the case of rejection,
a "Notice of Non-Provision Decision" will arrive at your home (or be handed to you directly at the counter).
4. First Welfare Benefit Payment Calculated Pro Rata
Along with the decision notice, your first welfare benefit payment will be provided.

・Amount

The payment is calculated pro rata from the date of application through the end of the month.

・Payment Method

In many municipalities, the initial payment is made in "cash in hand" at the counter,
and from the second month onward, it usually switches to "bank transfer" to your designated account (around the 1st to 5th of each month).

If Living Expenses (the 60,000 Yen on Hand) Threaten to Run Out During the Application Process

If there is a risk that your available funds (the 60,000 yen in your wallet and bankbook) will run out during the 14 to 30 days until a decision is made, making it impossible to pay for food or rent,
you can consult with the welfare office regarding the following emergency measures.

Emergency Relief Allowance / Bridging Loan (Loans for Households Requiring Assistance)
There is a system through which you can receive a small, interest-free loan (bridging funds) for immediate food and transportation expenses
until welfare is approved and the first benefit payment is deposited.
(Repaid by offsetting against the initial welfare benefit).
"Emergency Life Support Funds" from the Council of Social Welfare
There is also a way to receive a temporary loan from the Social Welfare Council as bridging funds while your application is pending.

If you inform your caseworker at the time of application that "I only have 60,000 yen on hand and am concerned that living expenses will be insufficient until a decision is made," they will be able to guide you smoothly regarding bridging funds and other support.

The 14-Day Screening Period After Application Is Delicate

The period of approximately 14 to 30 days between applying for welfare and receiving the screening results (decision) is an extremely delicate time.

Making mistakes in your actions or handling of money during this period can delay the screening process, or in the worst-case scenario, become a reason for "non-approval."

Here are 5 key points to be particularly careful about regarding daily life and handling money while your application is pending.

1. Usage and Record of Funds on Hand (60,000 Yen)

The cash on hand and account balance declared at the time of application (about 60,000 yen in this case)
should be used as "living expenses for minimal food, utilities, medical, and transportation costs during the screening period."

Keep Receipts
Keep your receipts without throwing them away
so that you can explain to your caseworker what you spent money on and how much.
Prohibition of High-Value Purchases
Expenditures unrelated to maintaining your daily life—such as replacing home appliances, purchasing luxury goods, or luxury items—
can lead to the misunderstanding that "you have plenty of money to spare."

2. Taking on New Debt or Using Credit Cards Is Strictly Prohibited

Even if you temporarily run short of money during the screening period, the following actions are strictly forbidden:

・Borrowing from consumer finance companies or card loans

・Credit card payments or using buy-now-pay-later services

・Borrowing money from acquaintances or friends

Purchases made through debt or buy-now-pay-later services are considered "new income" or "assets,"
and generating repayment obligations means "welfare benefits would be used to repay debts."
As this is judged to contradict the purpose of welfare, it will prevent you from passing the screening.

3. Be Careful with Account Transfers (Financial Support) from Acquaintances or Relatives

During the screening period, the welfare office inquires with financial institutions regarding your accounts (checking past and present deposit/withdrawal histories).

Avoid Money Transfers into Your Bank Account
Be cautious if you receive temporary support for living expenses or aid goods (cash) from friends or relatives.

Have it delivered "in person (cash or goods in hand)" rather than via bank transfer, and report this in advance to your caseworker.

If a lump sum is deposited into your account, there is a risk it will be determined as "unreported income."

4. Respond Promptly to Home Visits and Communications

During the screening period, a caseworker will visit your home for an investigation (home visit) or contact you by phone for confirmation.

Keep Your Phone Accessible
Even if it is an incoming call from an unknown number, it may be a communication from the municipal office, so be sure to check and respond.
Do Not Be Absent Without Notice
If you are absent at the scheduled time of a home visit or become completely unreachable,
it may cause your application to be rejected (disapproved) due to "lack of actual residence" or "inability to investigate."

5. Immediately Consult About "Bridging Funds" If Funds on Hand Threaten to Run Out Completely

If the screening extends close to 30 days,
or if your 60,000 yen on hand runs out along the way and you cannot afford food,
do not endure it silently; contact your assigned caseworker immediately.

Do Not Force Yourself to Endure
If you have no food expenses and your life is on the verge of breakdown,
emergency life-maintenance measures can be arranged, such as "emergency relief allowances" from the welfare office or "bridging funds (interest-free loans)" provided by the Council of Social Welfare.

During the screening period,
it is important to follow the basics: "avoid unnecessary debt or large purchases, maintain a frugal lifestyle, and respond promptly to communications from the municipal office."

If you have any anxieties or expenditures you are unsure about (e.g., paying for medical expenses),
be sure to consult with your caseworker in advance rather than making a decision on your own.

Livelihood Assistance and Housing Assistance

When you hear about welfare benefits, you often hear figures like 100,000 yen or 130,000 yen, right?

Assuming it is 100,000 yen,
will this full amount of 100,000 yen be deposited as cash?

Within this 100,000 yen, there is a breakdown that is roughly divided into two main categories:

"Food costs" and "Rent".

The "food costs" portion is called "livelihood assistance".
The "rent" portion is called "housing assistance".

Benefits (assistance funds) provided under welfare are divided into 8 types of "assistance" according to their intended use.
Among them, the main ones supporting monthly basic living expenses are "livelihood assistance" and "housing assistance."

Here is an easy-to-understand explanation of their respective roles and specific details.

1. What Is Livelihood Assistance?

This is money provided for "daily living expenses" needed to carry on day-to-day life, such as food costs, utility bills, and clothing expenses.

Livelihood assistance provides basic expenses necessary for daily life and is granted to almost all households receiving welfare.

Main Expenses Included

Food and Daily Goods Expenses
(Rice, side dishes, detergent, toilet paper, etc.)
Utility Bills
(Electricity, gas, water bills)
Clothing Expenses
(Purchase costs for clothes, shoes, etc.)
Communication Expenses
(Smartphone and internet usage fees)
Cultural and Entertainment Expenses
(Newspaper subscriptions, minimum leisure items, etc.)

How the Amount Is Determined

Standard amounts are detailed based on your region of residence ("grade" classification reflecting cost-of-living differences), household size, age, and other factors.

For a single person, the amount is often around 60,000 to 70,000 yen per month, depending on the region.

2. What Is Housing Assistance?

This is money provided for "rent" and "housing-related expenses" for apartments and other dwellings.

Main Expenses Included

Monthly Rent (room rent)
Security Deposit, Key Money, Contract Renewal Fees, and Brokerage Fees
(Initial contract costs when renting a new apartment)
Management Fees and Maintenance Fees Are Excluded
Only "pure rent" can be paid from housing assistance.
Management fees, maintenance fees, neighborhood association fees, etc., are not covered by housing assistance
and must be paid from livelihood assistance (living expenses).
Housing Repair Costs
(When necessary)
In the Case of Homeowners
Since there is no rent, monthly housing assistance is not provided,
but repair costs may be paid when home repairs become necessary.

How the Amount Is Determined and Rules

・Maximum Limit (Standard Amount for Housing Assistance)

An "upper limit on rent" is established for each region and household size. (E.g., maximum limit of 53,700 yen for a single person in the 23 wards of Tokyo).
Since you cannot live in an apartment with rent exceeding the limit, you will need to find an apartment within the limit or move (relocation guidance).

・Actual Expense Payment

Unlike livelihood assistance, this is not a fixed amount; the "actual rent amount (up to the limit)" is provided.

Monthly Benefit Amount = Livelihood Assistance (Fixed Amount) + Housing Assistance (Actual Rent, Subject to Limit)

The monthly welfare benefit is basically the combined total of these two.

(Example)
For a single person receiving about 70,000 yen in livelihood assistance and living in an apartment with a rent of 40,000 yen, a total of approximately 110,000 yen is provided as the monthly welfare benefit.

In addition to these, systems such as "Medical Assistance"—which covers hospital consultation fees and medication costs free of charge—and "Educational Assistance"—which covers school expenses—are provided additionally as needed.

Living with Parents = No Rent, So No Housing Assistance

If you receive welfare while living with your parents, will you only receive livelihood assistance?

As a rule, there is a high possibility that it will be "livelihood assistance only."

Depending on the situation of your parents' home and the contract terms, there are also cases where housing assistance is provided.

If you live alone in your parents' home
・If the parents' home is owned ⇒ Only "Living Assistance" is provided

Since the mortgage is fully paid off and there is no monthly rent, Housing Assistance is not provided.

Depending on the asset value of the owned home, you may be encouraged to sell it, but if it is for residential use and does not have an extremely high asset value, you can continue to live there.

Since no rent is incurred, Housing Assistance is not provided.
If you "live with family at your parents' home, but intend to live independently on your own"
(Living with family in the same house, but keeping rooms and household finances separate)
If considered the same household ⇒ Depends on the form of the parents' home (owned or rented)

In principle, welfare treats "family members living in the same house" as a single household.
Therefore, the claim of "living independently by myself" is generally not accepted.

Parents' home is owned
Since there is no rent, Housing Assistance is not provided, and only Living Assistance is given.

Parents' home is rented
The entire household will receive welfare, and Housing Assistance will be provided for the rental rent.

Important Points: Obstacles to Applying While Living with Parents

Welfare evaluates eligibility by combined income and assets of all household members sharing a livelihood.

Therefore, even if you have no income yourself, if the parents you live with have sufficient income or assets,
the household as a whole will often be deemed ineligible for welfare.

If you cannot receive assistance from your family
and wish to receive welfare by moving out of your parents' home to live on your own,
you must consult with the welfare office at the time of application and make arrangements in advance, including temporary moving expenses (such as security deposits and initial costs).

The basic rule is that if your current residence is owned, only Living Assistance is provided; if it is a rented property where rent is paid, Housing Assistance is also provided together.

When consulting with the welfare office, it will go smoothly if you accurately communicate two points: "who lives there (single or cohabiting)" and "whether it is an owned property or a rental."

If you live with your parents, you will only receive "Living Assistance."

If you pay rent for a rental property, you will look for a room within the maximum limit of "Living Assistance."
Management fees and common maintenance fee are unnecessary expenses, so it is better to choose a property without them.

No need to sell the house. Property tax exemption/reduction applies.

If you live alone in your parents' home (an owned property), you do not necessarily have to sell the house.

In principle, if it is a "home for your own residence (residential property)," you are permitted to receive welfare as is, without selling it.

However, to receive benefits without selling the house, you must meet four basic conditions.

1. The mortgage must be fully paid off (or the remaining balance must be negligible)
It is prohibited to use welfare benefits (taxpayer funds) to pay off mortgage payments.

・If fully paid off
There is no problem.

・If there is a remaining balance
In principle, you will be advised to sell the property.
However, if the remaining balance is very small (around tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yen) and
there is a prospect of paying it off immediately with financial help from relatives, an exception may be granted.
2. The "disposal value (sale price)" must not be significantly high compared to its utilization value
If the asset value of the land and building is extremely high, it will be determined that you should "sell it and use the proceeds for living expenses."

・Standard for sales guidance
According to guidelines from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, an asset value not exceeding approximately 20 million yen serves as a general criterion.

In most cases, general single-family homes or older houses located in rural or suburban areas are allowed to be retained as is.
3. The house must not be "too large" relative to the size of the household
In the case of a mansion with far too many rooms for a single person to live in,
the local caseworker may determine and advise that you should "utilize the asset value for living (i.e., sell it and move to an appropriately sized apartment)."

However, if selling it is expected to leave no funds on hand due to being offset by moving costs and sales commissions, you will be permitted to continue living there.
4. For elderly individuals, the property must not fall under the scope of "Real Estate Collateralized Living Funds"
If you are 65 years of age or older and
the asset value of the land you own is above a certain level (generally around 10 to 15 million yen or more),
you may be instructed to prioritize using a "system to borrow money using your home as collateral (reverse mortgage)" before applying for welfare.

"Benefit Details" and "Maintenance Costs" When Receiving Benefits in an Owned Home

・Only "Living Assistance" is provided

Since there is no rent, "Housing Assistance" is not provided.
Only "Living Assistance," which covers food and utility costs, is eligible for payment.

・Handling of Property Taxes and Repair Costs

Property tax
For residential properties, many local municipalities apply tax exemption or reduction measures.

Fire insurance premiums and building repair costs
You will need to manage and cover these yourself out of your welfare benefits (Living Assistance).

Summary of Housing and Living Allowances

If your parents' home is a "normal, average home" and has "no remaining mortgage balance," there is a very high possibility that you can receive welfare (Living Assistance) as is, without selling the owned property.

Since the actual valuation of assets and exemption procedures are determined by the local municipality (welfare office), it is recommended that you consult with the welfare office in your area prior to applying.

Calculation of the public assistance amount

Welfare Benefit Amounts

We now know that the welfare amount includes "Living Assistance" and "Housing Assistance."

Most importantly, how much are the respective amounts?

The "Living Assistance" and "Housing Assistance" discussed so far are organized into an easy-to-understand table.
Furthermore,

We have summarized the mechanisms of "Living Assistance" and "Housing Assistance," which form the core of welfare benefits, along with the standard amounts by region (region category).

Summary of Living Assistance and Housing Assistance

Item	Living Assistance	Housing Assistance
Main Coverage	Food, clothing, daily necessities, utilities, communication expenses, etc.	Monthly rent for apartments, etc., initial contract fees, etc.
Payment Type	Paid as a fixed standard amount (free choice of how to use)	Paid based on actual expenses incurred up to the upper limit
Features	Amount is determined by age, number of household members, and regional "class designation"	Has regional "limits" based on cost of living and local rental market rates
Points to Note	If you save money, it is possible to put the remaining funds into savings	Management and common area fees are excluded (paid out of Living Assistance)

Comparison List of Standard Amounts across All 6 Region Categories (Classes) [For Single-Person Households]

Welfare standard amounts are subdivided into:
Class 1-1, Class 1-2, Class 2-1, Class 2-2, Class 3-1, and Class 3-2.
We have summarized examples of each region along with the amounts for Living Assistance and Housing Assistance.

Welfare benefits are divided into six categories (class designations) from "Class 1-1" to "Class 3-2" for municipalities nationwide, depending on price levels and wage standards.
They are set higher in urban areas and lower in regional cities, towns, and villages.

Welfare benefits are categorized according to regional cost of living and standards of living. The following figures are estimated benefit amounts for a single person (assuming living alone, in their 20s to 40s).

This is an example of estimated standard amounts for a single-person household (without additional allowances).

Class Designation	Specific Examples of Regions (Examples of City Scale)	Living Assistance (Estimate)	Housing Assistance (Rent Limit)
Class 1-1	23 wards of Tokyo, Yokohama City, Osaka City, Nagoya City, etc. (Metropolitan areas)	Approx. 76,310 yen	53,700 yen
Class 1-2	Hachioji City, Sakai City, Chiba City, Shizuoka City, etc. (Designated cities / Core cities)	Approx. 73,720 yen	53,700 yen
Class 2-1	Utsunomiya City, Toyama City, Kurashiki City, Nagasaki City, etc. (General regional cities)	Approx. 71,460 yen	45,000 yen
Class 2-2	Hakodate City, Akita City, Nankoku City in Kochi Pref., etc. (Medium-sized cities / Suburbs)	Approx. 71,460 yen	38,000– 42,000 yen
Class 3-1	Small cities, Towns and villages with relatively large populations	Approx. 68,430 yen	40,900 yen
Class 3-2	Towns and villages with small populations, Mountainous areas, Depopulated regions	Approx. 67,210 yen	28,000– 35,000 yen

Supplementary Notes and Important Points

When Living in a Parents' Home (Owned Property)
Since there are no rent costs, Housing Assistance is not provided, and only "Living Assistance" will be paid.
About Housing Assistance Standard Amounts
While the standards for Class 1 (53,700 yen), Class 2-1, and Class 3-1 form the nationwide basic framework,
the upper limits for Housing Assistance in places like Class 2-2 and Class 3-2 are slightly subdivided (by a few thousand yen) depending on the actual rental situation of each municipality and prefecture.
Winter Addition (Winter Supplement)
In cold regions (Hokkaido, Tohoku, Hokuriku, etc.), an extra few thousand to over ten thousand yen is added to Living Assistance during the winter period (around October to April) to cover heating costs.

Um... could you have told me that earlier?

If there's around 40,000 yen in rent subsidy from Housing Assistance,
then what was the point of me paying 25,000 yen for rent on that slum or cursed ruin of an apartment,
working at a factory with horrible labor conditions full-time with overtime, suffering and agonizing through stress!?

The temperature inside the room dropped near sub-zero, the water pipes froze and burst multiple times, and each time I somehow scraped together the money from minimum wage.
To save on heating costs, I spent that time shivering inside blankets and a sleeping bag—what was all that for!?

If you find yourself in such an obviously abnormal environment, escape immediately. It doesn't matter if you spend all your money; just rush straight to the "welfare office counter."

Then, once you've calmed down, you can bring up the conversation:
"What exactly are Living Assistance and Housing Assistance?"

If Your Caseworker's Personality is Problematic

What kind of person your assigned caseworker is is extremely important, as they will also serve as your advisor.

If the attitude at the welfare consultation desk or of your assigned caseworker is arrogant, intimidating, or overbearing, you will likely experience severe stress and discomfort.

Welfare is a legitimate right of the public,
and caseworkers have a duty to conduct their work based on laws and appropriate treatment.
If you experience abusive language or overbearing treatment, you do not need to suffer in silence.
Here is a summary of specific actions you can take.

Direct Complaints and Reports You Can Make at the Counter or During Consultations

Request a Change of Caseworker
You can request a "change of caseworker" by contacting the Welfare Office's "Inspection Supervisor (the caseworker's boss/leader)" or "Welfare Office Director (section chief/assistant section chief level)" and reporting specific attitudes, words, and actions.

Due to staff shortages and other reasons, a change is not guaranteed,
but in many cases, filing a complaint with a supervisor leads to improvements in attitude or special consideration.
"Record/Audio-Record" Conversations
Keep detailed notes of the meeting content (date and time, caseworker's name, exact words spoken) or use your smartphone's recording function to record the conversation.

Recording itself is not illegal.
It prevents "he said, she said" disputes and serves as a strong deterrent against overbearing behavior.
Bring an "Accompanying Person" Instead of Going Alone
Welfare offices tend to take an aggressive stance when recipients or applicants "come alone."

Having a friend, relative, staff member from an assistance organization for people in need, or a lawyer accompany you often completely changes their attitude.
The Local Government's "Complaint/Opinion Desk (Voice of Citizens, Inspectorate Division, etc.)"
This is a method of sending a letter or making a phone call to a department separate from the Welfare Office, such as the Public Relations Division or the Inspectorate Division within the city hall, stating that you experienced "inappropriate treatment or unfair handling."

This makes it easier for guidance to be issued as an issue affecting the entire local government office.
Prefectural "Welfare Section in Charge"
Report your complaint to the "Prefectural Office's Welfare Division (Welfare Guidance Section, etc.)," which serves as the higher supervisory agency for municipal Welfare Offices.

In some cases, guidance or an inquiry will be issued from the prefecture to the relevant Welfare Office.
Support Organizations and Lawyers Working on Welfare Issues
If you consult Japan Legal Support Center (Houterasu), the "National Conference on Welfare Issues,"
or local NPOs supporting people in need,
they can act on your behalf or advise you on filing appropriate protests or requesting a change of caseworker regarding malicious caseworkers.

Points to Keep in Mind When Communicating

Rather than emotionally stating that "their attitude is bad,"
it is important to objectively explain "what specific statements or actions were made, and how they are causing you trouble."

Example of What to Say

"During the interview on [Month/Day], Caseworker [Name] made intimidating remarks such as '[Statement],' which caused me severe mental distress.
Since this makes it difficult for me to have proper consultations necessary for the procedures,
I kindly request a change in caseworker, or that a supervisor (instructor) be present."

Please do not try to bear everything alone;
make sure to reach out to supervisors, external support desks, or lawyers for help.

The principle in welfare to "first make use of other available systems"

Welfare includes the principle to "first make use of other available systems (such as pensions)."

In the Welfare Act, this principle is referred to as
the "principle of priority of other laws" or the "principle of complementarity,"
which is a rule stating that "if there are other public systems or allowances you qualify for, you must first secure funds or reduce costs through them, and welfare will only supplement whatever remaining amount is still lacking."

Here are representative examples of systems and allowances that you are specifically expected to utilize or make use of beforehand.

Representative examples of systems that can be utilized in advance

Public Pensions and Benefits (Cash Income)
If there are benefits or pensions you can receive, you must apply for them prior to or at the same time as applying for welfare.

・Public Pensions (Old-Age Pension, Disability Pension, Survivor's Pension)

・Child Allowance / Child Rearing Allowance (Allowances for single-parent families, etc.)

・Special Disability Allowance / Welfare Allowance for Children with Disabilities (Allowances for individuals with severe disabilities)

・Injury and Sickness Allowance (Benefits provided when taking time off work due to illness or injury while enrolled in an employer's health insurance)
Labor and Employment-Related Systems
These systems are used if you have work experience, or when engaging in job-seeking activities or taking a leave of absence.

・Employment Insurance (Unemployment benefits / Unemployment insurance): (If eligible after leaving a job)

・Workers' Accident Compensation Insurance: (When taking time off work due to work-related or commuting injuries/illnesses)

・Leave Compensation Support and Relief Grant: (Benefits provided when forced to take leave due to company reasons)
Self-Reliance Support and Loan Systems
These are loan and employment support systems for individuals in financial distress.

・Social Welfare Loan Scheme:
Low-interest or interest-free loan systems provided by Social Welfare Councils (such as General Support Funds and Emergency Small Loans)

・Housing Security Benefit:
A system that provides an amount equivalent to rent to individuals at risk of losing their housing due to job loss, etc.

・Job Seeker Support System:
A system that allows you to receive a benefit of 100,000 yen per month while undergoing vocational training (vocational training with benefit support).
Burden Reduction Systems for Medical and Long-Term Care (Discounts / Reductions)
To reduce the amount paid from welfare expenses (medical assistance and long-term care assistance),
public medical and long-term care systems are applied first.

・Medical Care for Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities:
A system that reduces out-of-pocket medical expenses for outpatient psychiatric care, artificial dialysis, medical care for children with disabilities, etc.

・High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit System:
A system through which medical costs exceeding a specified cap are refunded when medical expenses become high.

・Long-Term Care Insurance:
For individuals aged 65 and older (or aged 40 and older with specified diseases), Long-Term Care Insurance takes priority over welfare long-term care assistance.

・Medical Expense Subsidy System for Intractable Diseases:
Medical expense subsidies for designated intractable diseases.

What should I do about the procedures?

You do not need to research and apply for all of these systems on your own.

When you go to the welfare office (the contact window for welfare) for consultation or application,
a caseworker will review your situation (age, illness, work history, family structure, etc.) and give you specific guidance, such as,
"Please apply for this allowance (or system) first."

If you are in financial distress while your applications are pending,
they will start welfare first
and adjust (deduct) any allowances or benefits received later from your welfare payments.

What should I do if my welfare application is rejected?

From here on, let's talk assuming even the worst-case scenarios.
Whatever the reason, what should you do if you are turned away?

I myself went to apply for welfare once before, but was told things like "You're an able-bodied person with both hands and feet, so go work," and ended up being "turned away."

Applying for welfare is legally a "right of citizens in financial distress," and as long as you meet the conditions, it is not something that can be denied.
However, you may receive improper handling at the counter (the so-called "water's edge strategy" to turn people away), or receive a "decision of non-issuance" after the investigation following your application.

Here is a summary of appropriate actions to take depending on the situation.

Situation 1:
When they refuse to even accept your application form at the counter (Verbal rejection)

By law, the welfare office cannot refuse a request when you express that you "want to apply."

However, there are cases where they refuse to hand over the documents, saying things like "You're still young and able to work," "Ask your family for help," or "You can't apply because you don't have an address."

Solution / How to Handle This

Clearly state your intention to exercise your "right to apply"
Please convey: "I am not here for a consultation; I came to officially apply for welfare. Please issue and accept my application form."

"I am applying for welfare,"
"Please give me an application form,"
"Please accept my application form,"
"I am applying based on the legal principle of current location"

Memorize these or write them down on a note and read them out loud on the spot.
Prepare and submit the application form yourself
If they refuse to provide the documents at the counter, an application form downloaded from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare website or similar sources is also valid.

You can fill out a handwritten application form and submit it at the counter (or send it by simplified registered mail).

Local municipalities cannot refuse a submitted application form.
Have a support organization or a lawyer (e.g., Legal Aid Corporation / Houterasu) accompany you
Even if you are strongly turned away when going alone, there are very many cases where their attitude completely changes and the application is accepted immediately if a professional or supporter accompanies you.

Situation 2:
When you officially applied, but received a "Notice of Non-Issuance (Rejection)"

These are the steps to take if your application was submitted and investigated, but was officially determined as "non-issuance" in writing.

Solution / How to Handle This

Check the reason for the non-issuance
Check the reason stated in the "Notice of Decision on Non-Issuance" (such as "possesses working capacity," "has assets," or "income exceeds the minimum cost of living").
File a "Request for Review (Appeals/Objection)"
If you are not satisfied with the decision, you can file a "Request for Review" with the prefectural governor within 3 months from the day after you receive the notice.

A third-party body will re-examine whether the administrative decision was correct.
Adjust your situation and "re-apply"
In parallel with the Request for Review, or without filing one, you can re-apply (apply anew) at any time and as many times as needed.

(Example)
Last time you were rejected because you had "cash on hand," but you are re-applying now because your funds have run out.

(Example)
Last time you were told you "could work," but you are re-applying with a doctor's medical certificate (proof of inability to work).

Reliable Consultation and Support Contacts

If negotiating with the local municipality on your own is difficult, please rely on free consultation desks.

Solution / How to Handle This

Bar Associations / Legal Aid Corporation (Houterasu)
Lawyers knowledgeable about welfare can consult with you for free or accompany you when you apply.

Phone: 0570-078374 (Houterasu Navi Dial)
Tsukuroi Tokyo Fund / Tsukuroi Consultation (Support Organization)
This is a non-profit organization providing application support for individuals in financial distress.

(Similar support organizations exist across various regions).
National Conference on Welfare Issues
This organization introduces support contacts and lawyers across the nation.
Politician Offices and Regional Consultation Desks (e.g., Japanese Communist Party, Social Democratic Party)
Regardless of party affiliation, there are many cases where they provide free consultations for people in financial distress and support by accompanying them to municipal offices.

First, please do not give up. Try calling Houterasu or a nearby support organization for persons in distress to consult them by saying, "My application was rejected (was granted non-issuance)."

application for the program has been rejected

If You Keep Getting Turned Down and Have 0 Yen Left

You applied and were turned down.
Even if you consult with the appropriate office, you might not be taken seriously at all.
Even if you apply again, it is not 100% guaranteed that welfare will be granted.

If you keep getting turned down repeatedly, the money you have on hand will only decrease until it reaches 0 yen.

A situation where your welfare application continues to be turned down ultimately means you have no money to live on.

A situation where you have 0 yen (or only a few hundred yen) and continue to be turned down for welfare is extremely dangerous,
and it is an emergency situation where unfair handling by local authorities (deterrence tactics at the counter) is suspected.

By law, if you visit a welfare office with zero money,
you have the right to apply for assistance,
and the national or local government must promptly initiate welfare or provide emergency support.

Do not handle this alone; take action immediately through the following steps.

1. Free Emergency Contacts You Can Call Right Now

If you are turned away when visiting the welfare office alone, involving a third party such as a support organization or a lawyer is the most effective solution.

Yorisoi Hotline (Toll-Free / 24/7 Service)
Phone: 0120-279-338

If you have no food for tonight, no place to sleep, or feel like giving up, please call immediately.

They will connect you with emergency food assistance, shelter, and local support for people in financial distress.
Houterasu (Japan Legal Support Center)
Phone: 0570-078374 (Weekdays 9:00 - 21:00 / Saturdays 9:00 - 17:00)

Please tell them, "I have 0 yen left, but the government office refuses to accept my application."

They can introduce you to a lawyer specialized in welfare,
and you can request a lawyer to accompany you to the welfare office to apply through Houterasu.

2. Contact Specialized Organizations (NPOs) for Applying for Welfare

Across the country, there are NPO organizations that fight against refusals of welfare applications (deterrence tactics at the counter) and will accompany you to the office until a decision to grant assistance is made.

Certified NPO Tsukuroi Tokyo Fund / Independent Living Support Center Moyai
Phone: 03-6265-0137 (Tue 12:00 - 18:00 / Fri 11:00 - 17:00)

They provide assistance in securing housing for those in need, as well as accompanying and supporting people during welfare applications.
Fumidan (An Application Generation Tool Provided by Tsukuroi Tokyo Fund)
A service that automatically creates a "Welfare Application Form" online from a smartphone and allows you to fax or mail it to the welfare office.

Effective when you are unable to receive an application form at the counter.
Search for Support Organizations in Your Area
If you have access to a web search on a smartphone or other devices,

"[Your Location] + welfare + support organization" or "[Location] + welfare + accompaniment"

Searching for these keywords will help you find local NPOs or groups of social workers.

3. Essential Rules When Going to the Welfare Office (Government Office) Again

While waiting for a third party to accompany you, or if you go back to the government office by yourself, please thoroughly stick to the following points.

State clearly that it is an "application," not a "consultation"
If you say "I came for a consultation" at the counter, it is easy to be turned away under the guise of just consulting.

Please state clearly:

"I am here to 'apply' for welfare."

"Please give me a welfare application form."

Under the Public Assistance Act, refusing a request to apply is illegal.
Strongly convey that you have "0 yen on hand and no food"
Tell them, "I have nothing to eat today, and my life is at risk."

There are regulations stating that in high-urgency cases, temporary benefits (or emergency food provision and securing accommodation through temporary living support programs) must be provided on the same day or within a few days.
Record the interaction (notes or audio recording)
Record the staff member's name, the date and time, and what they said to turn you away, either using a voice memo on your smartphone or on paper.

Simply stating, "I am going to record this conversation," can deter improper handling by the office.
You can apply even without personal belongings
Even if you do not have an ID or bankbook on hand, applying for welfare itself is possible.

If you are told, "You cannot apply because you lack documents," insist by saying, "I will prepare them later, so please accept the application form first."

Turning someone away when they have zero money on hand is a serious illegal act by the administration.

Do not try to fight this alone; please contact the Yorisoi Hotline, Houterasu, or a support organization immediately.

Overcoming the Anxiety of Poverty

I understand the anxiety of those in need very well.

Let us seek the ultimate answer.

The person themselves should know best the signs that their money is running out.

In such cases, make sure to familiarize yourself in advance with the local geography—at least the locations of the city or town hall, the welfare office, and grocery stores.

If you run out of money completely, can you receive money or food today, right here, and right now?

While same-day "cash" distribution on the spot is generally difficult,
there is a high possibility that you can receive immediate emergency support such as "food distribution" or "securing accommodation" for that day.

If you have 0 yen on hand and are in a situation where you cannot get through today or tomorrow,
please head immediately to the welfare office or the support center for self-reliance of needy persons in your municipality.

1. Securing Food (Possible Right Away)

Go to the consultation desk at the government office (or the Social Welfare Council) and tell them, "I have 0 yen on hand and nothing to eat today."

Immediate Provision of Emergency Food Supplies or Food Bank Items
In many cases, disaster stockpile items stored by the municipality (such as alpha rice, canned foods, dried noodles, etc.)
or donated food items can be handed to you on the spot.
Support Including Temporary Accommodation and Meals
If you also have no place to sleep tonight, accommodation and meals may be arranged for you through municipal programs such as temporary living support services.

2. Securing Money (Cash) (Same Day to a Few Days)

Because welfare and public loan systems require procedures (screening) to prevent fraud and calculate eligibility,
you will not be handed a bundle of cash immediately on the spot.
However, the following responses exist depending on the level of urgency:

"Urgent Protection (Urgent Implementation)" under Welfare
If you have zero money on hand and there is a serious danger to your life or livelihood,
the welfare office can initiate welfare on the same day or within a few days without waiting for the final screening results.

Exemption from medical expenses and procedures to grant immediate living expenses will be prioritized.
Emergency Small Loans (Social Welfare Council)
This is an interest-free loan system available in cases of urgent or temporary financial distress (up to around 100,000 yen).
However, it generally takes several days to a week for the funds to be transferred.

3. Actions to Take Right Now

Go to your local city or town hall
Look for the "Welfare Office" or the "Consultation Desk for Self-Reliance of Needy Persons" and tell them, "I have nothing to eat today."
If it is nighttime or a holiday and the service counters are closed
Please call the Yorisoi Hotline (Toll-free: 0120-279-338) (Available 24 hours).
You can receive guidance on emergency shelters and food support services.

If you genuinely cannot move and your health is deteriorating, seeking help from emergency services or the Community Safety Division of a police station is also an option.

You can consult and apply even if you do not have an ID or handbook on hand.
Do not hold back—reach out to a public consultation counter right now.

When You Fall into Poverty and Hardship, Shoplifting Might Cross Your Mind.
Even More So If You Have 0 Yen Left.

When a state of extreme hardship goes on for too long, it becomes difficult even to stay sane.

Food displayed on the shelves at a nearby supermarket might start to look sparkling and bright.

"Why am I in such poverty?"—your thoughts get confused, and you lose sense of everything.
Out of sheer desperation and reckless despair, you might even feel tempted to shoplift.

Even in a state of reckless despair, reading this blog right now is truly commendable.

You are a good person.

Please, absolutely do not commit crimes like shoplifting.

And do not commit robbery, which is an even more serious crime.

Even if "it was intended as just shoplifting at first,"
the moment you use violence or threats to avoid being caught, it is legally treated as equivalent to "robbery."

There is no option for a fine for robbery; it always results in imprisonment.

No matter how cornered you feel, a situation where you are struggling to survive without food can be overcome through legitimate emergency support from local authorities and support organizations.

Before resorting to crime, please seek help immediately through the following methods.

How to Get Food and Help Right Away (No Need to Resort to Crime)

Before shoplifting, please head to the following places or make a call.

Police Station or Police Box (Koban) (For Nighttime, Holidays, or When Government Offices Are Closed)
Instead of getting arrested for shoplifting,
go yourself and ask for help by telling them, "I have no money or food, and I am about to collapse from hunger."

For people in financial distress who have not committed a crime,
the police can offer protection depending on the situation, provide food such as bread or emergency rations,
and arrange to hand your case over to the government office's welfare desk the following morning.
"Welfare Office" or "Consultation Desk for Needy Persons" at Your Municipal Office
Clearly state at the consultation desk, "I have 0 yen on hand and nothing to eat today. Please help me."

In addition to receiving disaster stockpile items such as hardtack, packaged meals, and canned food on the spot,
arrangements can be made for urgent protection (emergency procedures) under welfare.
Emergency Phone Consultation (Toll-Free / Available 24 Hours)
Yorisoi Hotline: 0120-279-338 (Toll-Free)

Tell them directly that you have nothing to eat tonight and that you are mentally cornered.
They will work with you to find food assistance and shelter for tonight.

Why You Must Not Shoplift

・If you are arrested, you will be driven into an even worse corner
If you are arrested by the police for shoplifting (theft), you will be detained, making future employment and rebuilding your life overwhelmingly more difficult.

・You will not lose your right to receive welfare
Even if you have 0 yen on hand, everyone has the right to receive public assistance (such as welfare or emergency food support).
There is absolutely no need to turn to crime.

Please go to your nearest police station, police box (koban), or government welfare desk right now and ask for help, saying, "I have no food."

You will definitely get help.

Believing in that, I reached out for help in so many ways.

Yet, no one helped me.

(Crime) I ended up shoplifting.
I was caught by the police. I was sentenced to prison.
What happens after that?

It is possible to receive welfare even after serving your prison sentence.

Having a criminal record or a history of imprisonment (time spent in prison) does not take away your right to receive welfare in any way.

The right of citizens to receive welfare when in distress is guaranteed by the Constitution of Japan (Article 25, "Right to Life") and the Public Assistance Act,
and refusing an application based on a past criminal history is legally prohibited.

Key Points for Receiving Welfare After Release

Since people are often left without money or housing immediately upon release,
it is common to utilize the following procedures and support systems.

Application is generally possible
Once your prison term is completed and you are released, you can apply for welfare at a municipal welfare office just like anyone else.

If you have almost no money on hand
and no place to live or relatives to rely on, you qualify for welfare.
Securing temporary housing through the welfare office
If you are released without owning or renting a home,
after applying, you will typically first move into a "care facility" or "temporary living support facility (shelter)" arranged by the local government.

From there, while receiving living assistance (living allowance),
the process usually involves looking for a residence such as an apartment (with housing allowance applied).

Preparations and Consultation Systems Before Release (Reintegration Support)

To ensure you are not left stranded on the streets after completing your prison sentence,
there are systems in place to prepare for welfare and housing while you are still in prison.

Special Adjustment (Community Life Support Center)
This applies to elderly individuals, people with disabilities,
or single individuals with no relatives to rely on.

Welfare professionals (Community Life Support Centers) and probation offices get involved while you are still serving your sentence,
making adjustments so that housing and welfare procedures proceed smoothly from the day of your release.
Prior Coordination with Welfare Offices
By consulting with the prison's classification division or welfare staff before release,
a smooth handover of administrative procedures on the day of release becomes possible.

Important Points

No benefits are provided while serving a sentence (while incarcerated)
Welfare benefits are not paid during the period of imprisonment when food, clothing, and shelter are provided inside the prison.
You become eligible after your release.
Belongings and ID
Keep any identification or documents on hand upon release (such as a discharge certificate) to ensure smooth processing at the welfare office.
(*Applying itself is possible even without an ID)

Please do not hesitate to use public support systems for your fresh start and life rebuilding after completing your sentence.

It is recommended to consult with the responsible officer inside the prison before release,
or with the nearest government office (welfare office) or probation office immediately after release.